Sustainability: Perceptions of Problems and Progress of the Paradigm

Four aspects of the application of sustainability to agricultural policy have remained problematic between the 1987 Brundtland Report and the 2002 World Summit. These are:

Multidimensionality: early emphasis on a triple bottom line of social, economic and biophysical criteria gave way to emphasis on the biophysical, although there is now evidence of re-convergence in policy and from elite consumers.

Hierarchy: sustainability is addressed within systems that are nested in space, time, the principal actor and the dominant factor affecting it.

Emergent properties: an emphasis on anticipating and monitoring sustainability through, e.g. indicators, has obscured the reality that sustainability is an outcome or emergent property. Recent methods derive problem-determined objectives for sustainable development.

Uncertainty: agricultural systems are not simply predictable and deterministic. Assessment of sustainability should quantify and anticipate uncertainties and avoid policy intervention which is coloured by the evaluator and their circumstances.

Social aspects of decision-making pervade all these problems. It is proposed that progress will be accelerated by: pro-active government policy intervention in rural areas (of the type which is accepted by citizens of cities); participatory decision-making from the outset and throughout any development of, or decision to provide financial support to maintain, a sustainable enterprise; and evaluations of sustainability that anticipate variability or risk, uncoloured by short-term priorities such as business survival.     

Creating Legitimacy,Reciprocity, and Transfer Programs

Sustainable development prospects are not substantially visible in the comparative analysis of models of capitalism. The concept of sustainable development does not appear in the initial theoretical framework of the “variety of capitalism” approach or in the “diversity of capitalism” approach. This article aims to contribute to current thinking about the interaction between the diversity of capitalism and sustainable development, based on the concepts of institutional complementarity and hierarchy, and to question the dynamics of various forms of capitalism in this perspective. The example of economic policies aimed at tackling global warming shows how each form of capitalism adopts measures that are compatible with its own unique configuration of complementary institutions, helping to make it “greener.” However, this trend fits into a dynamic of “limited sustainability” that does not challenge the finance-dominated institutional hierarchy or the current growth regime. The non-viability of our production/consumption model on a global scale calls for a more radical change in capitalism, combined with a shift in the institutional hierarchy.     

基于层次分析法的物流信息化影响因素初探

本文列举了影响物流信息化建设的各项因素,并通过层次分析法定量分析了这些影响因素的重要程度,指出要加快推进物流企业信息化,最重要的是加强企业管理者的创新意识,其次是要确保信息化建设所需的资金支持。     

Brownfield risk communication and evaluation

Brownfield development is a risky business requiring specific knowledge and sensible judgement in order to create valuable real estate capital. This paper approaches brownfield risk in a multi-criterion, multi-actor interactive framework, taking into account the risks perceived and communicated by key actors. The paper begins with the development of a generic risk evaluation model using the analytical hierarchical process; this is followed by a primary purposive survey of experts’ stated-preference for weighting, ranking and scoring of risk factors developed earlier by the authors. The risk evaluation leads to a consistent hierarchy of risk factors influence brownfield decisions in the Melbourne context. Results indicate that site specific and project risks are the most important in brownfield development decision-making. Financial and market and planning risks are moderately important. Political and legal and socio-economic risks are relatively less important. The findings also indicate some inter sub-group variation in the relative importance of the risk factors. Developers rate financial and market and site specific risks most highly. Least of the developers’ concern is the socio-economic risk. Planners and consultants rate site specific and project risks highly. The AHP-based risk evaluation model is a new addition to the literature, and the findings may help improve explicit evaluation and communication in brownfield project financial decision and value reporting.     

两岸物流指数构建

随着两岸交往的日益频繁,衡量两岸物流发展对于建立监测两岸合作程度与繁荣程度趋势的依据有重要的意义,而目前对于两岸区域物流的研究并不深入。通过构造两岸物流合成指数,量化两岸物流发展,为两岸区域物流更深入的研究打下基础。首先选取了能够客观反映物流景气程度的四类统计指标,然后基于近年相关统计数据对所选指标的数据进行采集和预处理,利用X-11季节调整方法过滤指标数据的季节性,在通过层次分析法计算了物流指数指标的权重之后计算出两岸物流指数,通过和主要经济指标进行对比,验证了文章构建两岸物流指数的有效性。     

解析函数的几个等价命题及其应用

解析函数是复变函数论研究的主要对象,它具有重要的性质和广泛应用。本文在教材内容的基础上,进一步探讨解析函数的几种等价条件,文章首先给出了解析函数的四种不同的定义,然后运用柯西积分定理、泰勒定理及递推的方法,证明了这四种不同定义彼此相互等价;探讨了它们的一些应用,从而使学生能够用从多种方法判断函数是否解析,为以后应用解析函数打下了坚实的基础。     

农民发展权综合评价指数模型的构建及实证分析

[目的]中国农民发展权是农民拥有的公平参与促进经济、社会、文化和政治发展过程并公平分享发展成果的基本人权。但由于涉及权利,概念抽象,学者和公众关注度不高,因此,对农民发展权进行分解,并进行指标数据量化并计算结果,是一个不错的、方便民众了解该权利,并对该权利实现结果有一个整体判断的途径。[方法]运用层次分析法构建农民发展权综合评价指数模型,具体有3个步骤:第一,解析农民发展权内容、构造农民发展权指标体系。第二,借助层次分析软件中的群决策工具完成农民发展权各个中间层指标的赋权。第三,运用该模型,对中国农民发展权进行测度。[结果]从指标值和发展权计算结果看,近10年农民相对市民的发展权不足一半,且并未有所改善。单看农民发展结果类指标数值城乡差距有增大趋势。从农民发展权构成看,政治发展权是短板。[结论]近10年农民发展权处于弱势且未得到保障。政治发展权的短板是农民发展权未得到保障的根源。给予农民更多话语权,财政资金的投入向农民更多倾斜,只有这样才可能降低现有的农民和市民发展结果的差异。     

Identifying the preferable bancassurance alliance structure from the bank's executive management perspective: analytic network process application

This paper identifies the preferable bancassurance alliance structure from the bank's executive management perspective in the Taiwan area. In combination with the relevant literature and interviews with experts, this study adopts the modified Delphi method and the analytic network process (ANP) to construct an evaluation method and to determine ANP effectiveness. The results indicate that executives of banks and insurance companies most prefer financial holding companies. In this study, we apply ANP to construct an evaluation method and introduce four criteria and ten subcriteria for evaluating six alternative bancassurance alliance models. This paper supports ANP as an effective decision making tool. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

经营环境对微型金融机构社会扶贫功能影响的实证分析

本义分析268家MFIs的时间序列数据表明．在MFIs的扶贫广度增加的同时，其扶贫深度却在下降。进一步地利用1027家MFIs2009年的数据对可能影响MFIs社会扶贫功能的内、外部环境因素进行了实证分析，得到的结论是：正式的法律组织形式会抑制MFIs的扶贫广度：采取金融中介组纵形式、发展规模更大以及定位于低端客户的MFIs，其扶贫广度也更大。而正式的法律组织形式和严格的监管都会抑制MFIs的扶贫深度；处于成熟阶段的MFIs，其扶贫深度会下降；但盈利能力更好、覆盖力更大的MFIs，其扶贫深度也更大。     

基于AHP的模糊综合评价下高校新体育课程评价体系可行性分析

本文通过文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈和社会学统计的基础上,遵循＂更新观念、重建框架、完善体系＂的指导思想,尝试运用发展性课程评价理论和AHP层次分析法的模糊综合评价对高校体育课程质量进行可行性综合评估。遵循《基础教育课程改革纲要（试行）》提出的要＂发挥评价促进学生发展、教师提高和改进教学实践的功能＂的要求,建立促进学生全面发展、促进教师不断提高、促进课程不断发展的高校体育课程评价体系,使评价体系既与时代要求相符合,同时又能体现现代科学技术与文化发展的特点。